NEW DELHI: The long and divisive reign of Benjamin Netanyahu, the dominant Israeli politician of the past generation, officially ended as the country’s Parliament gave its vote of confidence to a precarious coalition government stitched together by widely disparate anti-Netanyahu forces.

An unlikely coalition that came together to oust Netanyahu survived a confidence vote in the Israeli parliament Sunday, passing 60-59, overcoming the final hurdle on its path to unseating him and taking a fragile hold on power.

Naftali Bennett, a 49-year-old former aide to Netanyahu who opposes a Palestinian state and is considered to the right of his old ally, replaced him as prime minister after winning by just a single vote. Yair Lapid, a centrist leader and the new foreign minister, is set to take Mr. Bennett’s place after two years, if their government can hold together that long.

They lead a fragile eight-party alliance ranging from far left to hard right, from secular to religious, that few expect to last a full term and many consider both the embodiment of the rich diversity of Israeli society but also the epitome of its political disarray.

Members of the bloc agree on little but a desire to oust Mr. Netanyahu, the longest-serving leader in the country’s history, and the need to end a lengthy political gridlock that produced four elections in two years; left Israel without a stable government or a state budget; and formed the backdrop to a surge in interethnic mob violence between Jewish and Arab citizens during the recent 11-day conflict with Hamas.

After the new government was sworn in, Netanyahu and his right-wing Likud party moved to the opposition for the first time in more than a decade.

After 12 consecutive years in power, and another three before that, the country’s longest-serving prime minister will no longer be its leader.

American Jewish and pro-Israel groups welcomed the new Israeli government steered by Prime Minister Naftali Bennett and Foreign Minister Yair Lapid. Organizations expressed hope that the “change coalition” will bring political stability and a broad-based government reflecting a diverse Israeli society.

World Jewish Congress President Ronald Lauder also applauded Israel.